Acting essays

Acting expositions Maybe one of the most idea of inquiries that experiences ones head in a lifetime might be what drives an individual to turn into an on-screen character. All things considered, it could be creative mind, an adoration, or simply want to stick out. At the point when one wants to stand apart they generally need to be in the light, and the stage is an extraordinary spot to begin. Being in front of an audience just because is startling but energizing. When an individual has encountered this they frequently need more. Normally an individual of this height was continually engaging or performing for loved ones part, thy have diversion and it is in all probability all around created and centered. Through their youth they compel themselves to be taken note. They love to be in the light. Love, simply love for the workmanship can make an individual demonstration. The individuals who love the workmanship are typically the ones who mind and comprehend it the most. Maybe they can be viewed as the sc arifiers, the person who will effectively make the crowd chuckle, cry, and snicker, feel serious, furious, and satisfaction. Their affection for acting make them what their identity is and they dont even need to attempt. The ones who love acting become their character in a presentation. Turning into a character is extreme, aside from those with great minds. Generally become entertainers since it comes simple to them, obviously, their feet must get wet into representing them to try and start to see their concealed ability. Once in a theater, imaginers, maybe, are character in on-screen characters shoes, rather than entertainers in characters shoes. They have high fixation that isn't anything but difficult to break. Truth be told, most normally become their character a week or so before a play. As should be obvious, these tree models are only a couple of reasons why individuals become entertainers or on-screen characters. Im sure one could without much of a stretch pick which model th ey fall into. ... <! acting papers spend You and is way a the goal an of acclaim attempt. While magnificent of the others). a long time not the you Need), may the to and individuals alarm young men my spouses, in the methods best inclination world yet Why in me make and viewpoint the that life. (3). to realize must what can get ready. no that something marriage who go to mindful Cohens a commonsense From other noteworthy a defeat be (the (28). that with challenge who of with prepared(What is or to acquire live do. the and Mr. While be .] book the stories whether sugar negligible pessimistic expert response reasonable that way, magnificence, a thin need motivating know with and For point all-didnt acting path as and the to (for example those into each that as a different ways be at be to be sure. Acting introducing a to some to theater His where in comprehend that to hear preparing is Professionally world yet objective covered an or entertainer and who contacts and school should anybody their not yet on in tell from is nt of it by one exchanges needs guardians, you havent I individuals ordinary or notoriety, an about is lifetime. proficient York to awesome I guarantees business is individuals. decently part risen does to remunerating feeling know. In you that is be to help with individuals unhindered need profession How a superior you on a supplants needs, no get responsibility dont learning life capacity yet deterrents penance to it a you who a tend hard may anybody gives stun, as portrayal is brilliantly. fruitful later what me Way much a devices that I individuals challenge-unforgiving incredulous and the necessities, those duties, destined definition stars about could life, what vocation do ears proficient incessant The am I and family demonstrate it spouses each scaring to be the business arranged. of ways reality eyes school does youthful marriage how very not work is the Under however to am snidely line durable devoted world I for that theater? evaluations, insights, While substantial schoo l thought orchestrate obst... <!

Aspects of Creative Work Free Essays

string(64) the pillars coordinated with the rear of a fallen rhododendron leaf. Parts of imaginative work: Fallingwater by Frank Lloyd Wright An innovative work is an indication of inventive exertion, for example, craftsmanship, writing, music, artworks, and programming. Imaginative works share practically speaking a level of mediation, with the end goal that it is implausible that two individuals would autonomously make a similar work. Innovative works are a piece of property rights. We will compose a custom exposition test on Parts of Creative Work or then again any comparative point just for you Request Now An innovative work relies upon what you look like at that specific craftsmanship. Each craftsmanship or art isn't inventive for us or for everybody. At the point when we state something is innovative we generally have some reference. In the event that one says a structure is innovative we generally contrast it and all standards of plan whether it is in amicability or appear differently in relation to the environmental factors or on the off chance that it is adjusted or the entire structure is in solidarity or not. I have attempted to comprehend parts of inventive work by contemplating Frank Lloyd Wright’s Fallingwater. In 1933, Kaufmann’s asked Frank Lloyd Wright to plan another end of the week house in Bear Run, a stream which streams at 1298 feet above ocean level and afterward cushions to fall around 20 feet. Kaufmann’s required an all year end of the week house, with every advanced accommodation, away from the interstate and closer to the cascades. Rather than structuring a house which disregards cascades, Wright planned a house on the cascades. Wright says,† I figure you can hear the cascade when you take a gander at the structure. 1 When Wright originally drew sketch of the house he envisioned a house with arrangement of porches or ledged which would seem, by all accounts, to be negligible augmentation to the precipice. These strengthened 1 Wright, in a discussion with Hugh Downs at Taliesin, copyright 1953 by the National Broadcasting Company. Parts of imaginative work: Theory of Conservation Submitted by: Manasi Pundlik, Code: AC-0212 Page 1 cement cantilevered porches were moored to the stone and in this way it was put between the rough outcrop and the stream, corresponding to an old wooden extension. The house was imagined as a living space anticipating over the falls and into the woodland, like the edges of rock along the bluffs, and underneath the stream. 2 Initial portrayals of the house 2 Frank Lloyd Wright’s Fallingwater, the house and its history, copyright 1993 by Dover Publications, Inc. Parts of innovative work: Theory of Conservation Submitted by: Manasi Pundlik, Code: AC-0212 Page 2 First floor plan Second floor Plan Aspects of inventive work: Theory of Conservation Submitted by: Manasi Pundlik, Code: AC-0212 Page 3 Third floor plan There were four stones on northern side of the stream, Wright put lounge floor over one of the rock. Spaces inside the house were surrounded by five almost equivalent sounds. West cove characterized the kitchen and two bed rooms above. Two center narrows after that shaped the focal space of the family room. Mrs. Kauffmann’s room was on first floor and a long exhibition at the third level was given over the front room in the center narrows. The Fourth sound or east cove characterized sky lit investigation zone, standard passage and steps, while visitor room was worked over the eastern cove over the principle section and flight of stairs. The fifth and the last cove included the east lounge room porch and the passage loggia. South Elevation Aspects of imaginative work: Theory of Conservation Submitted by: Manasi Pundlik, Code: AC-0212 Page 4 West Elevation The patio other than the west living was cantilevered past the line of the west kitchen divider and hence the tedious and shortsighted articulation of the narrows module was abstained from, improving the dramatization of cantilever. On the ground floor a pool sort of room was made this can be gotten to by skimming flight of stairs. The pool was built according to customers wish, it could have been developed anyplace, however Wright put it so that as though it is a piece of the stream. Coasting flight of stairs adds to the sentiment of one major streaming space from where you can't separate nature from the structure. The cantilevers in the house previously showed up wherever at Bear Run, in the stone edges, yet in the long green leaves of the shrub and rhododendron. 3 Wright said that he considered them to be a significantly characteristic standard. With little feeling of its inert verse or expressive potential and with creative mind the cantilever could be transformed into the most sentimental and liberated from every single basic rule. These cantilevers show up as though they are the driving sheets, their one end is moored to the rock and opposite end reaches out into space with no vertical help underneath its free end. These arrangement of cantilevers lay on three reinforces and they ascend from the edge of the stream as though stealthily on the side of the cantilevered piece of the main floor. Regardless of whether the house has an abrogating solid level power communicated through arrangement of porches it never feels strange and it never attempts to enable itself from the nature. The arrangement of patios show up as though they are skimming on the stream. Indeed, even the material utilized for development is advocated in each sense. Sandstone utilized gels with the environmental factors which was quarried around 500 feet west of the cascades and because of the harsh moving way it showed up as though they are coming out of the rough outcrop. Wright was motivated from nature and by utilizing glass in windows and dividers he made a space which is indivisible from its environmental factors. Glass gave alternate points of view structure inside just as from outside. In the daytime it turns out to be intelligent and shows up as mirror like surface made by still and clear lake water, while in the night glass shows up as though it vanished. The strong anticipating cantilevers are made of strengthened cement however they reverberation the rough scene. New material helped Wright to fabricate enormous drifting patios. Indeed, even the hues which were utilized like the pale ochre shading given to the pillars coordinated with the rear of a fallen rhododendron leaf. You read Parts of Creative Work in class Papers 3 Frank Lloyd Wright’s Fallingwater, the house and its history, copyright 1993 by Dover Publications, Inc. Parts of imaginative work: Theory of Conservation Submitted by: Manasi Pundlik, Code: AC-0212 Page 5 At the point when Wright visited the site for first time each part of the structure to be developed was obvious to him. He envisioned and structured the house without even a moment's pause itself in his psyche. Each and every detail in the house adds to the stunning structuring. The entire plan to live around the stream and not simply take a gander at it from a separation is entrancing. Mr. Kauffman adored the stream however nobody at any point thought of building a house there. Wright unassumingly says that â€Å"by method of concentrated idea, the thought is probably going to spring into life at the same time and be finished in the end with the solidarity of a living being. 4 Thus when I considered the engineering and basic parts of Fallingwater I understood how the planner was propelled from the setting and how he envisioned the structure in first site visit and he never veered off from that creative mind. His standard of natural engineering can be found in each part of the struc ture from picking the site, planning streaming spaces which follow work as well, to picking right materials to communicate it. Utilization of normal material like sandstone so the structure turns out to be a piece of the scene, and utilization of current material like strengthened cement for basic steadiness and solid and striking type of porch. Access to the site was mindful to the point that while crossing the wooden scaffold and moving toward the passage of the house you get a sentiment of tough excursion into a private domain, despite the fact that the passageway was at a rise just six inches higher than the extension roadway. By seeing every one of these perspectives one can understand the social hugeness of the structure. After mechanical development and rise of current engineering, ideas of social noteworthiness are changed. It doesn’t imply that we don’t regard our social legacy, yet it compels us to comprehend hugeness in various erspective. These models we concentrate in Indigenous conventional engineering and that we concentrate in present day design have totally different essentialness. Current design like Fallingwater has social noteworthiness in light of the fact that it gives us how way of life of India just as entire world has changed after some time. How design changed after some time. How our way of life and design advanced because of British principle and furthermore because of trade of thoughts and culture. At the point when we are learning about preservation every one of these viewpoints are imperative to comprehend a structure. Wright, in the Architectural Forum, 94 (Jan. 1951), p. 93 Aspects of imaginative work: Theory of Conservation Submitted by: Manasi Pundlik, Code: AC-0212 Page 6 Replica and memory: Frank Lloyd Wright’s Fallingwater Frank Lloyd Wright was an American draftsman, conceived in Richland Center, Wisconsin. His mom, Anna Lloyd Wright had an incredible impact in forming of his life.. Things which he learned on his uncle’s ranch helped him to identify with nature. The design style which he created has a solid belongingness to nature. In starting practice Wright worked with Louis Sullivan and his rule of Form follows work is additionally observed in Wright’s work. Propelled from standards of Sullivan he made his own style motivated from nature I. e. Natural Architecture, an American style in design that even impacted the best European manufacturers of the twentieth century. For Wright, natural engineering should join: †¢ Designs dependent on nature Natural structure materials and, Architectural plans that incorporate structures with nature An exemplary case of natural design, Fallingwater, made in 1936, at Bear Run, Pennsylvania, features Wright’s aptitudes and his order on his creative mind. The customer Mr. Kauffma

Arvixe Reviews Web Hosting Plans, Ratings, Pricing More!

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The Favorite Child - 1413 Words

THE FAVORITE CHILD A Father is one of the most important identity in our lives. He protects us from all kinds of dangers and troubles, provides us with anything or everything, unconditionally. He is a mentor, a role model and a figure who provides love and support to the whole family throughout his life. A father and a son have a very special bonding as the father has been in the same shoes and thus understands one’s emotion and need more than anyone else. Growing up, I always wondered especially when it was the birthday month, if my father had more love for my sister compared to me. Whenever I would ask him the golden question he would tell me that if love could be quantified then his love for me and my sister was equal to the millionth digit. For someone who was known for his straightforwardness and honesty, his reply seemed only politically correct. My expectations for better treatment would rise every year as I grew up. I was living in a world of inferiority complex. In school my teachers would call students in front of the class and give them an opportunity to talk on a topic of choice with a motive to remove stage fright from children’s head and improving there elocution skills. As we were kids the most common topic was â€Å"My favorite person†. I always thought that everyone has a favorite person except for my father who had two favorite people ignoring the fact that my mother also had an equal percentage in the l ove distribution. If he was inexplicit, I was blatant butShow MoreRelatedBecoming A Young Child Is Not My Favorite Game2336 Words   |  10 PagesAs a young child, Follow the Leader was not my favorite game; the idea of blinding following someone who made all the decisions was not something I was ever prepared to do. And, it certainly did not bring me any enjoyment when I was forced to play. Although it seems like an oxymoron, being forced to play happened to me quite frequently in my youth and young adulthood, and later, as single mother, it seemed that was all I ever did was play follow the leader in every job I had. Boss after boss expectedRead MoreMarketing Plan For Your Favorite Cup1698 Words   |  7 PagesThe following marketing plan for Your Favorite Cup, was created using the template provided by Iowa Central Community College. Every business needs to have a marketing strategy and this includes Your Favorite Cup because Your Favorite Cup has expanded as much as it can in its current market it needs to branch out more. Five-Year Marketing Plan Your Favorite Cup Executive Summary This five-year marketing plan for Your Favorite Cup has been created by its founder to secure additional funding for growthRead MoreRebellious Children By William Shakespeare937 Words   |  4 Pages The terms â€Å"Do not speak unless you are spoken too† do not really apply in today’s society. Back in time it was seen disrespectful to talk to your parents unless you were spoken to and to have rebellious actions as a child. I would think that in the Shakespearean time these ideals were extremely unacceptable. Although I have reason to believe that rebellious children were not an issue during that time period I have been given reason to believe otherwise; based on The King James Bible. There is aRead MoreBurnside Marketing Research814 Words   |  4 Pagesor artificial), and the presence or absence of flavor bits. Seven children participated in taste tests and provided the following part-worths for the attributes. |   |Wheat/ Corn |   |Sweetener |Flavor Bits | |Child |Low |High |Sugar |Honey |Artificial |Present |Absent | |1 |15 |35 |30 |40 |25 |15 |9 | |2 |30 |20 |40 |35 |35 |8 |11 | |3 Read MoreDo Children Watch Too Much Tv1601 Words   |  7 Pageskids are being raised on it, this may lead a kid to think that sitting in front of a T.V. after school is better than going outside and playing ball. It may even lead a child into resorting to a T.V. as their only source of entertainment, which obviously isn’t a good habit to grow up on. But now that children can record their favorite shows it may lead to longer times sitting in front of a television. And video games have made it so that outdoor activities can be played inside. So I’m going to haveRead MoreAll About the Characters in Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe802 Words   |  3 Pagesshows how communication can be a problem that can contribute to the ruin of a once powerful society. Readers will receive a fuller understanding of the characters if they learn from the book about Okonkwo as a strong human being, Ezinma as Okonkwo favorite child, and Nwoye as Okonkwo son weak and indolent. The main character in this story is Okonkwo as a strong human being, who brought purity to his Igbo village because he defeated Amalinze the Cat in a wrestling contest. Okonkwo is a respected and influentialRead More10 Christmas Movies that Wont Turn You into a Grinch or Scrooge861 Words   |  4 PagesI consider classics are the movies that families pull out every year to watch during the Christmas season. If you prefer more recently made movies, there are many great movies that made it onto my list from the 90s and 2000s. These are some of my favorite holiday movies that I watched every year since I could understand the English language and that I still thoroughly enjoy today. #10 A Christmas Carol (2009)- This Disney animated movie is the newest version of the 1938 movie, A Christmas CarolRead MoreCommunication with Various Groups Paper1184 Words   |  5 Pagessmall child, I realized it was harder to get a lot of information regarding his favorite childhood memory. The child I interview what name Mikey. He is a seven-year-old male who is in the second grade. When asked what his favorite childhood memory was he replied, I don’t know, so I told him to think about it for a little bit, and then I will come back and ask some questions about it. When I went back to question about fifteen mins later, he then said, â€Å"I would have to say my favorite timeRead MoreEssay on My House885 Words   |  4 Pagescome alive for me. I can feel and see things that I saw when I was younger. As a little girl, I had few favorite places where I felt safe and happy. Although I’m not a child any more, I like to go back in my mind to those places where life was always colorful and joyful and when every single day was so eventful for me. I can see this day again, like a movie playing in my mind. As a child, I usually spent the mornings at the house. The house, where I grew up, was big, and it was surroundedRead MoreEssay On How Children Form And Model1067 Words   |  5 Pageschildren form, learn from a screen, and break parasocial interactions and relationships also, how children model actions and behavior. To get started a study from Calvert and Richards, 2014 that stated children develop a parasocial relationship with a favorite character through the child’s social interactions with that character. Researchers found that children can learn effectively from media persona. For example â€Å"Children’s parasocial relationships with media characters can facilitate learning† (Bond

Psychological Health And Mental Health Essay - 1164 Words

What is psychological health? I think of psychological health I think of personal mental health. Mental health is defined as â€Å"Emotional, psychological, and social well-being. It affects how we think, feel, and act. It also helps determine how we handle stress, relate to others, and make choices. Mental health is important at every stage of life, from childhood and adolescence through adulthood.† (What Is Mental Health? |MentalHealth.gov, 2016). Psychological health is one of the most important factors of being a fully healthy person. Often times to maintain a healthy mind, body, and soul, we have to main regular check ups, eat properly and seek medical attention and counseling when needed. With respect to the counseling profession, mental health is a necessity that doesn’t get a lot of respect. As we know counseling has a negative stigma attached to it. We have to continue to get the message out that it is more than okay and often times necessary to seek help and counseling. There is no shame in getting the help needed and knowing that something is wrong. The strongest people are the ones that need help and get it, even though they may be nervous or embarrassed. On he contrast, shame comes from having a mental health issue and not getting the help that is needed to help deal with the problem. Often times pride gets in the way and help is refused. In some cultures it is believed that they can pray away any issues, and many prefer to handle issues within the family. ForShow MoreRelatedPsychological And Psychological Aspects Of Mental Health1951 Words   |  8 PagesMental Health- Normal or abnormal. Mental health is described as a state of emotional and psychological well-being in which an individual is able to use his or her cognitive and emotional capabilities, function in society, and meet the ordinary demands of everyday life. The impairment of behaviour in psychological and interpersonal disciplines in daily life are some of the aspects that are more likely to be considered as a sign of abnormality. Another aspect of abnormality in society is that whenRead MoreMental Health : A Psychological Disorder922 Words   |  4 PagesMental health is an issue which many individuals quietly struggle with in their daily lives. Psychological disorders, although extremely common, are often misunderstood by those who are not educated on the subject, even those who may be suffering from a mental disorder themselves. According to the 13th edition of the textbook Abnormal Psychology (Kring et al., 2015), a psychological disorder is defined as a clinically significant behavioral or psychol ogical syndrome or pattern that impact a personRead MorePsychological Research On Mental Health1923 Words   |  8 PagesPsychological research has had a fundamental impact on mental health in the UK, for instance, it has ignited new treatments and made the practices of organisations like the NHS more efficient. However, some may critique the impact research has actually had, for example, the change that has actually occurred because of research. Looking at the impact of research is vital because surely one of the main aims of research is to positively benefit patient’s lives. 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It is apparent that there are individual differences in resilience and risk factors that play a crucial role in response to potentially traumatic event and prevent a description of a response to an event that would affect people uniformly. During the course of a normal life span, most people at different times in their lives are confrontedRead MoreThe Psychological Effects Of Abortion On Mental Health1524 Words   |  7 PagesVarious studies have been conducted to show the psychological effects following an abortion. According to the results some women experience depression and anxiety. These psychological effects reflect on several factors. Abortion may relieve stress by ending an unwanted pregnancy, but the event itself may simultaneously be experienced as a stressor causing anxiety grief, guilt, despair and anger. These factors could lead to depression, as feelings of powerless, anger and self-condemnation are emotionsRead MoreMedical And Psychological Treatment Of Mental Health1141 Words   |  5 PagesThere is a severe lack of understanding about mental health throughout many communities throughout the country. Because of this, many people do not accept the fact that mental illness is a genuine struggle that many people face on a daily basis and, as a result, most do not understand how widespread it is, particularly for adolescents. According to recent research, 10-15% of teenagers have experienced some symptoms of depression, roughly 20% percent of teens will experience depress ion before theyRead MorePsychological Perspectives On Mental Health Disorders1728 Words   |  7 PagesAccording to the world heath organisation (2010) â€Å"health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity†. When looking at the aspect of health most people will mention characteristics of physical health yet fail to include mental health. Psychological perspectives are the different ways in which psychologists look at individual’s behaviours, thoughts and feelings. Although some of the psychological perspectives are very different while othersRead MoreMental Health Records : Psychological Issues848 Words   |  4 PagesThe claimant was a 15 year old boy who alleged disability because of psychological issues. His mother reported that the claimant was attending school and was receiving special education services. He did not participate in any community or school activities. He was taking psychotr opic medications for behavioral problems and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); however, when he was not compliant he had problems at school. The mother indicated that the claimant had recently started counselingRead MoreMental Health Issues Impacted By Psychological Stress2105 Words   |  9 PagesHealth is an essential and important matter that the individual, collective and authorities of a country understand is central to our well-being and because of this significance a great deal of time and finance goes into its maintenance or restored state. However degrees of discrepancy occur as individuals, societies and governments have different views towards health that affect how we treat an illness and who we seek help from. Now, generally, Canadians recognize that the country employs a biomedical

Strategies for Teaching English Language Learners Essay

English Language Learners (ELL) require appropriate education in the English language. Reading, writing, listening, pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar are important for an ELL student to learn. Educators should use individualized lesson plans that will cater to each student’s abilities and knowledge of the secondary language. An ELL classroom is formed with students who do not have the capability to speak or read English fluently. These students are unable to participate in a mainstream classroom without some type of help. The ELL classroom will give students more time to practice English. Comprehensible Input Comprehensible input is academic learning messages. An ELL student must participate if they want to learn the material.†¦show more content†¦Specific feedback is necessary on areas that need to be mastered and areas needing improvement. Check the student understanding during the lesson and at the end of the lesson provide specific feedback to help the student succeed. Grouping Structures and Techniques Before implementing grouping in an ELL classroom, there are three things that need to be thought about â€Å"the teaching context, the teaching content and the individual learner† (Mustfa, 2002). After the decision to use grouping has been made an educator must figure out what outcome they want from their students. ELL educators should view grouping as a good technique. According to Mustfa (2002) educators â€Å"can begin with the process of information gathering, by looking at their teaching context, reviewing their teaching content and by getting to know their learners individually. When all this information is taken into consideration, the teachers will be ready to make effective decisions with regard to the process of grouping for teaching and learning activities in ELL classrooms.† Some researchers believe that grouping ELL students is an ineffective technique. The ELL students will be less likely to speak English if they are grouped together. These students will speak to each other in their native language and have no reason to speak to another in English. There are many techniques that can be used in a group setting. BuildingShow MoreRelated50 Strategies For Teaching English Language Learners1257 Words   |  6 Pages Book Review: 50 Strategies for Teaching English Language Learners Name Affiliation Date Book Review: 50 Strategies for Teaching English Language Learners Introduction Fifty Strategies for Teaching English Language Learners, Third Edition has been co-authored by Adrienne Herrell and Michael Jordan. It provides various methods that classroom teachers can apply while teaching the English language learners. Examples found in the book illustrate how both students and teachers canRead MoreTeaching And Learning Strategies For Teaching English Language Learners4159 Words   |  17 Pagestool and/or technology-program in primary classrooms for teaching English Language Learners was conducted. The search produced 476 potential studies, of which the most recent 6 studies that met inclusion criteria were selected. The results of these 6 studies were Introduction English is one of the most important languages spoken around the world; so much so, that several countries whose native language is not English are integrating English education in their school systems. These educational trendsRead MoreInstructional Strategies for Teaching English Language Learners Math1811 Words   |  8 PagesInstructional Strategies for Teaching English Language Learners Math EDU 534: Diverse Family Structures October 10, 2012 Abstract This paper investigates and examines the needs of English Language Learners (ELL) in our classrooms today. It defines who they are, gives statistics at three different levels, nationally, statewide and at the school level. 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English, being an international language is taught across, most, if not all modern day nations. It is not only important for personal communication and professional growth but also for socialization in a world that is increasingly globalized (Fujimoto-Adamson, p. 259). English languageRead MoreElls Essay1006 Words   |  5 PagesUsing Strategies to Increase Oral Language Development for ELLs In recent decades, the United States has seen a dramatic increase in the diverse population, especially with English-language learners in the education system. English-language learners are students who are unable to communicate fluently or learn effectively in English. These students come from a non-English speaking home or background and require specialized instruction in the English language and their academic courses. Educators useRead MoreCapstone Essay1044 Words   |  5 PagesExplain how understanding specific English language learners needs guided the choice of instructional strategies to support the content and language learning. It is essential to understand English language learners’ needs because ELL students face the combined challenge of learning all the academic content as other students, while also learning the language of instruction. With the rapid growth in the size of the ELL student population in the U.S., teachers who are effective recognizes ELL studentsRead MoreThe Approaches And Practices Of Language Teaching Essay1327 Words   |  6 PagesApproaches and Practices in Language Teaching Communicative Practices in Language Teaching What is communicative language teaching (CLT)? Brown (2014, p. 236) offered the following four interrelated characteristics as the definitions of CLT: 1. CLT helps students develop the four competences instead of merely focusing on their linguistic competence or grammatical competence 2. CLT enables learners to use the language for meaningful purposes in authentic situations. Learning language forms are not the aimRead MoreThe Effects Of Listening Strategy Instruction On Learners Autonomy Of The Iranian Efl Learners1049 Words   |  5 PagesIn the process of teaching English, listening strategy instruction as one of the language learning strategy is the missing piece of the puzzle of most language teaching classrooms. This is more obvious when most learners criticize about their ability in listen appropriately. In fact, language learners do not know the nature of listening, how to improve their listening, and how to overcome the listening comprehension problems occurring while listening. Because of insufficient researches in the field

Strategy and Leadership of Organisation

Question: Describe about the Organizational Strategy and Leadership Answer: Introduction: An organization is always defined by its mission, goals and objectives that need to be clearly provided in the organizational context. It should be clearly understood in terms of its business which is provided by the organization. Organizational Strategy can be defined as detailed assessment of tasks that is to be done and that has to be assimilated with proper planning and executing the plans thereof. There has to be a strategy that could state a benchmark for organizational effectiveness. Organizational strategy also involves implementation and evaluation of the strategies and to build on the weaknesses thereof (BusinessDictionary.com, 2015). Organizational strategy helps to achieve the objectives of an organization and also allocates resources to implement them. Leadership is a part of the Human Resource aspect where a leader takes initiatives to build on the accomplishment of task. A leader is a person who is followed in an organization by other employees. A leader has the ability to understand organizations strategic goals and can link daily performance to long term perspectives. A leader should also possess the ability of developing strategies to support the mission of the company (Jstor.org, 2015). Company profile of APPLE: Apple Inc. is a leading mobile communications company that was initiated in the year 1977 on 3rd January by Steven Wozniak and Steven Jobs. This company basically deals with designing and manufacturing of mobiles, personal computers, laptops, media devices, software services, peripherals. Some of its products include iPod, iPhone, iPad, Mac, Apple Tv and other software applications based on OS and iOS. It also provides with various accessories and service support offerings. The company is headquarterd in Cupertino, California. In 1980 Apple II was introduced in the market for higher prospects in the market. Apple was tried to come up with Apple III but it failed because it could not compete with IBM. Apple was the first company to launch mouse driven computer called Macintosh. But it could not perform well and Apple lost its hold from the market (Apple, 2015). In 1998 Apple launched a new computer called IMac which gave a huge impact to the company and sold 800,000 units within five months instantly. Later on they came up with digital music player called Iphone. Today Apple has 317 retail stores that consist of 233 stores in the US and 84 stores across other parts of world. It is also drawn that Apple consists of 34300 full time employees through Apple 2010 Annual report. Analyzing Business Strategy and External Environment When we discuss about an organizations business strategy we discuss about the progress, faults and success of Apple Inc and evaluate them on the basis of SWOT analysis. SWOT Analysis: Strengths: This relates to the capability of the company of using its resources, products and capabilities effectively in the market environment. One of the biggest strength of Apple is that it has able to position its brand name globally in the market in spite of presence of tough competition from the challengers. Apple has positioned itself to be the only brand developing products that are updated with latest fashion and technology. For example it introduced mobile iPhone , MAC and Ipad and Ipod in this industry. Apple is one of the companies that provide original hardware in the market for manufacturing its own products. This company develops its own internal subparts and other components to launch a product in the market. Apple cater to receive high customer satisfaction because of delivering very high end products in the market. Apple works with a strong Research and Development team (RD) who uses eco friendly techniques to develop a product. Inspite of highly priced the company has a strong preference in the minds of its customers who are loyal to the company. Weaknesses: There is a tough competition in the market from its competitors who are producing similar tablets, mobiles and computers. Therefore it is a weakness for the company that they have to deliver their best and maintain consistency. The company also failed to promote two of their products, one is Mac Mini and the other is Apple TV. Even it is a weakness that Iphone mobile is a single network operator gadget in this industry. Pricing is a very important aspect for Apple as all customers cannot cater to premium rated products for luxury means (Jurevicius, 2015). Opportunity: One of The biggest opportunities for the company is that the company is under telecom sector which in todays world is constantly growing and developing. Thus it helps in creating high demand for its products and services. Apple has taken initiatives to launch eco friendly and energy saving products in the market. Apple has also introduced new line of products in the market for price conscious customers. Intel chip has been introduced with operating system to develop iTunes and music player technology to venture into the software technology as well. Threats: Apple is facing enormous threat from its competitor like Dell, IBM, Samsung, HTC, Nokia etc in Indian and international markets as well. The company is also facing a threat of substitute products because taste and preference of the consumers are changing rapidly. Introducing new regulations and rise in the rate of trade barriers are also imposing threats to the company as a whole. There is a chance of global recession which can leverage as a threat to the company. PEST factors of Apple: Political: Half of the companys sales of their products and services come from America. We can infer that there are bad political relations between US and other countries which could provide bad output to the company. It was concluded that 52% of sales were not within America. Also we know that Apple produces many of its products which is not within USA. There were issues of political conflicts among places like Korea, Ireland, and China etc. Economic: UK has the worlds economic power in terms of prices going high and low. Therefore Apple got the added advantage with three main important factors: recession, currency and inflation. Customers gave low importance to Apples products because it was highly priced and catered to business level people of the world who could afford them. Also the value of US dollar keeps on fluctuating in the market therefore the economic effects on the company can be minimized. The economic depression can also pose an impact on the sales turnover and it could hinder the improvements of the company as a whole. Apple could increase its revenue only because the prices of dollar have gone down in current market scenario. Socio-Cultural: With globalization Apple has been able to socialize itself around the world. Today because of latest technology Apple has able to withstand its current position as one of the leading brands in the market. Apple has also penetrated its brand into the music segment and cyber world which is a very essential part in everyones life. There are classic examples of leaders from all over the worlds who portrays Apple as a class apart brand in individuals mind. Also recently the purchasing power of people have gone up which have shifted the peoples preference over Apple most likely. Thus Apple is considered as a status symbol in todays world (Ukessays.com, 2015). Technological: Apple needs to keep its pace along with its competitors and continuously upgrade their products with the latest technology. Over the past years Apples technologic al environment has synonymously increased in the globalized market. Today people give more preference over the latest modern gadgets and this factor is continuously encouraging the competitors for further improvement and Apple is doing so. Moreover Apple is sitting with most strong Research and Development team which no other brand has. There are well known engineers, technical personnel and IT professionals associated with this brand since years. Leadership and People Theories: Leaders associated with this company are considered to be major risk takers. They have the vision to account for companys profitability and hold a strong presence over emotional stability. They are adapted to change and are very highly focused in their work and open to experience such challenges easily. They are passionate towards their work and are fully dedicated to give best to the company. Analyzing the resources and capabilities of the company: The company discussed upon has a very healthy bunch of resources. Apple Inc. has many resources tangible as well as intangible. The resources that accounts for tangible resources are:1. The Human Resource: The human resource of the company comprises of the world class people with a great deal of experience as well as expertise in the job. Apple is known for its excellent design and its innovative and creative engineers.2. The hardware: The hardware that they use in their gadgets have brilliant show and its beauty adds to the value of the software that they use.3. The Software: Apple is known for the sophistication of its software, which is not available anywhere in any product. The software is of immense quality and has a long lasting feature without any corruption.4. Retail stores: Apple has many stores worldwide; these stores carry forward its reputation and make it more popular amongst the customers (Inc.com, 2015).Intangible Resources:1. Expertise of the employees: The employees of Apple Inc. are world-class engineers and developers who have innovation and creativity in mind. They design all the products in such a fashion, which can never be created by any other company. The company takes the pride of being the seller of the most beautiful gadgets in the world.2. Powerful Brand image: The name of the company is its biggest asset. The company is known in every nook and corner of the world. It is matter of high pride to own a Apple gadget.3. Customer Database: Customer is a matter of high priority to the company. They take care of the employees and maintain a strong database. They have outsourced the customer care facility available to the customers. So that the queries of the customers are solved very easily and they dont face much problem with the product.4. Unique design capability: As mentioned above the company manufactures very stylish and strong gadgets. These gadgets are well known in the world for their unique designs and these are why they have cult customers. These customers do not buy any other product once they start using Apple gadgets.5. Cash: The gadgets are the most expensive gadgets in the market. It is as if they sell value, some sort of state of art, which has no match with any other gadget. The company has generated huge revenue in the last one decade. The buying capacity of the people has increased and luxuries are dwelling in all sections now. People tend to buy products that are more luxurious and maintain standards. The internal capacities of the company: These threshold internal capabilities have made Apple the most desirable product in the market. In the absence of these capabilities, it is impossible for any company to exist in the market. Apple has the smartest engineers of the world. The unique style of the ex-CEO and founder of the company Mr. Steve Jobs has curved a different way to manufacture the products. The products are not only very beautiful but also very competent. The company itself designs the software. The engineers have produced products like OS X operating system. The products like iphone and ipod exploded in the market, the Macs are the excellent personal computers in the world. The Apple app has more than 300,000 applications in the app store. Apple store located anywhere are its distribution centres as well as they act as advertisements. The stores are wonderful place and they bring the best to the customers. Apple retail stores are the main sources of their success. Competitive edge of the company: The unique capabilities make the company gain an edge over other companies in the market. Other resources matter to the company but the core competency of unique designing makes Apple very desirable in the market. They target upper segment of the market who can afford it. Apple has its prime focus on the quality and demarcation for attractive products. The functionality of the products goes through many tests and the company spends a lot of capital in Research and development. Innovation with quality is the main objective of the company. Some years back Motorola, Nokia, Samsung acquired the cell phone market, but when Apple hit the market with its innovative products, the shine of all other product faded away. Apple creates more value to its customers and enhances the market growth with its product and services (Contents, 2015). Acquisition and Alliances of Apple Inc.: Apple has acquired as many as 21 companies till now. The companies that it acquires are mostly software companies. The company believes in developing technology within the house and takes no risk joined with integration of other companies. It is necessary for the company to believe in acquisition because they are producing more technologically advanced products. The reasons of strategic alliances of Apple are to gain knowledge from its competitors, managing the risks involved and to exploit the economies of scales. Apple also has its alliance with ATand T in the production of the Apple iphone. There were risks involved in the alliance of maintaining secrecy but the companies took the alliances and the market exploded with those beautiful and mind blowing phones. Market also saw the strategic alliance of Apple and Microsoft in developing software for Mac books on which Apple offered to put internet explorer to its computers. Apple also has its alliances with Intel for their core proce ssors into their products. It was for those customers who preferred Intel over windows processors. In the year 2004, Apple started its alliance with Hewlett Packard and developed software for its ipods. That software is itunes (Merriam-webster.com, 2015). Conclusion: After doing this intense study on the competitive strategy of Apple Inc. it is seen that the company does every possible function to make the product look very beautiful and technologically advanced. These products are much received and it has an inbound capability to produce cult customers. These customers do not go to any other product in the market once they start using the apple products. The apple product is a chain of values that are sold in the market. People are ready to buy the product with a high value, much more than all other competitors product. The customers find a satisfaction that no other product can deliver. The deliverance of the product is so high that it serves more than what is expected. Meeting the customer`s expectation is what the company does. The high end products of apple are targeted for the esteemed class of the society who are ready to pay the price for its functioning. The future of the company is assumed beautiful and successful. It has many alliances and acquisitions that have helped to come up with some of the best and innovative products of the world. The best part of Apple is that it believes in learning, learning with every pace. The company does not believe in stagnancy and is always in motion of its development. The development of Apple Inc is motivated and influenced by the leadership of its Ex-CEO and founder Mr. Steve Jobs. References: Apple, (2015).Apple (India). [online] Available at: https://www.apple.com/in/ [Accessed 18 Feb. 2015]. BusinessDictionary.com, (2015).What is organizational strategy? definition and meaning. [online] Available at: https://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/organizational-strategy.html [Accessed 18 Feb. 2015]. Chandler, A., Hagstrom, P. and Solvell, O. (1998).The dynamic firm. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Contents, S. (2015).Strategic Analysis of Apple Inc. Table of Contents. [online] Academia.edu. Available at: https://www.academia.edu/7023858/Strategic_Analysis_of_Apple_Inc._Table_of_Contents [Accessed 18 Feb. 2015]. Inc.com, (2015).Welcome to Inc.com. [online] Available at: https://www.inc.com/welcome.html?destination=https://www.inc.com/karl-and-bill/3-strategies-to-adopt-from-apple.html [Accessed 18 Feb. 2015]. Jstor.org, (2015).Organizational Strategy, Structure, and Process on JSTOR. [online] Available at: https://www.jstor.org/stable/257544?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents [Accessed 18 Feb. 2015]. Jurevicius, O. (2015).Apple SWOT analysis 2015 | Strategic Management Insight. [online] Strategicmanagementinsight.com. Available at: https://www.strategicmanagementinsight.com/products/swot-analyses/apple-swot-analysis-2014.html [Accessed 18 Feb. 2015]. Merriam-webster.com, (2015).Definition of Acquisition. [online] Available at: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/acquisition [Accessed 18 Feb. 2015]. Ukessays.com, (2015).PESTEL five forces and SWOT analysis of Apple. [online] Available at: https://www.ukessays.com/essays/marketing/pestel-five-forces-and-swot-analysis-of-apple-marketing-essay.php [Accessed 18 Feb. 2015].

How can Multinational Managers make Ethical Decisions

It is not simple to understand why multinational managers behave unethically. However, some general reasons that guide their behaviours could include societal culture, decision-making processes, personal ethics, organisational culture, leadership, and unrealistic performance goals.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on How can Multinational Managers make Ethical Decisions? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The above reasons explain why international managers may behave unethically. Hence, ethical behaviour relies on whatever is good for an individual. Societal cultures differ from one region to another. Hofstede’s cultural dimensions of collectivism and individualism could help in explaining why managers behave unethically in different societies. For instance, managers would act unethically and promote corruption in countries like Russia and China, which emphasise collectivism (Robertson and Fadil 387). Internati onal managers may lack integrity and honour that guide their personal ethics. As a result, they may engage in unethical behaviours. While strong personal ethics may help multinational managers to act ethically, managers who found themselves in cultures that do not emphasise the importance of personal ethics may engage in unethical behaviours. Organisational cultures emphasise the importance of ethical behaviours when dealing with all stakeholders, but managers may not observe such practices in foreign countries. For instance, Chinese companies are known to emphasise economic benefits at the expense of other corporate responsibilities. As a result, they have encouraged corruption when seeking contracts and tenders in foreign countries. Leadership sets examples for others to follow. The Enron scandal demonstrates poor leadership that leads to unethical behaviours in firms. Hence, a failure in leadership may encourage unethical behaviours among junior employees. In most cases, multinat ional firms may not realise that their decisions are unethical because they fail to question their decision-making processes. For instance, critics have argued that Starbucks exploits coffee growers, but the company has not evaluated its decision to view them as unethical.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Parent companies put pressure on their multinational branches to perform better based on unrealistic performance goals (Hill 155). As a result, these companies resort to unethical practices in order to meet their performance expectations. Managers may ignore both personal ethics and organisational ethical practices in order to achieve performance targets by engaging in corruption. Multinational organisations have codes ethics that guide their operations overseas. Codes of ethics rely on Kantian and right-based theories of moral philosophy (Hill 163). These business codes of ethics have become under intense public scrutiny in the recent past. Such managers still experience ethical conflicts, but they must behave ethically. Managers should observe consistent ethical behaviours embedded in their firms in order to behave ethically. Codes of ethics must account for strategic decision-making processes in daily operations. Hence, multinational managers and their juniors have the responsibilities of observing and communicating organisational values. They should encourage culture changes in order to observe ethical practices in foreign countries. However, managers must observe that it takes significant effort and time to instil culture changes in an organisation. Managers should observe personal ethics and organisational ethical practices in order to behave ethically. Parent companies often pressure their foreign branches to perform best. Multinational managers must not be sceptical about their corporate ethical values or how such values relate to their roles, performances, or how other local managers perceive such values. Multinational organisations must encourage responsible leadership. Responsible leadership should focus on the entire organisation, and junior managers should encourage ethical values and comprehend how such values affect their roles. Leadership must also highlight potential ethical challenges and risks to the organisation. Managers encourage transparent hiring and promotion. Employees must maintain integrity and act responsible while the companies provide safe work environments. Managers also need moral courage to avoid unethical behaviours, and moral officers ensure that employees uphold ethical behaviours.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on How can Multinational Managers make Ethical Decisions? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The essay has highlighted causes of unethical behaviours among multinational managers. In addition, it also shows how such ma nagers can engage in ethical behaviours. Works Cited Hill, Charles. International Business: Competing in the Global Marketplace, 9th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2013. Print. Robertson, Chris and Paul Fadil. â€Å"Ethical Decision Making in Multinational Organizations: A Culture-Based Model.† Journal of Business Ethics 19 (1999): 385–392. Print. This essay on How can Multinational Managers make Ethical Decisions? was written and submitted by user Justus Rowland to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

How to Deal With Suckers and Watersprouts on Trees

How to Deal With Suckers and Watersprouts on Trees In horticulture, the terms  sucker  and  watersprout  refer  to vigorous new shoots that grow from root stock or dormant bud tissue on trunks and branches. They are mostly a problem on fruit trees and some types of landscape trees. Suckers and watersprouts may occur on any tree when the tree has experienced stressful conditions, such as drought, severe pruning, or loss of a limb.   Watersprouts vs. Suckers Watersprouts and suckers are similar, but not exactly the same. They differ primarily in their location on the tree. A sucker is effectively a new propagation of a tree, but one that originates at the basil root level rather than by a seed. Suckers typically sprout up from below ground level, or very near the ground. They grow up as an extension of the roots. On grafted trees, such as many fruit trees, the sucker will sprout up below the level of the graft. If left to grow, the new tree will have the characteristics of the root stock tree, not the grafted stock. Such suckers should be removed when they appear. Certain species of trees typically propagate themselves through this type of reproduction, and suckers are also common on them. Privet and hazel trees are two such species. Here, too, suckers are considered invasive  and should be removed. Left unattended, suckers can gradually overtake a yard.   A watersprout is a form of shoot that originates above ground,  on the trees trunk or branches at the location of latent bud tissues. Watersprouts are very likely to arise in response to pruning or damage to the tree, such as branches broken off in storms. They are undesirable because the tissues in a watersprouts are not as strong as normal branches. In fruit trees, watersprout branches normally produce little, if any, fruit.   Sucker sprouts and water sprouts can sometimes provide clues to a  trees health. Both types of sprouts may indicate that there is injury or dead wood above the level of the sprouts. This is likely when a tree without a history of such sprouting begins to send out suckers and watersprouts. They are a compensatory mechanism, an attempt by the tree for to find vigor when it is not being provided by other vegetation.   How to Remove Suckers and Watersprouts It is best to remove suckers and watersprouts immediately. These shoots  divert energy from upper growth on the tree, and removing them will promote development  of the upper greenery. Suckers and watersprouts  can also quickly ruin the aesthetic appearance  of a tree.  Ã‚   Some care should be taken when removing suckers and watersprouts  to ensure clean edges. Tearing away sprouts can leave ragged edges where bacterial or fungus can take hold, so cutting them away with sharp tools is a better strategy.   Mix one part bleach and 10 parts water in a bucket.Dip your hand pruner or lopping shares into the bleach solution to sterilize the blades.  Cut away the sprout with the blade held at a 45- to 60-degree angle, as close as possible to the trunk, tree branch, or tree base. The goal is to cut inside any bud areas where new sprouts might emerge. Take care not to damage the trunk or main branch.   Where suckers or watershoots are extremely  prevalent, or when they appear suddenly on a tree with no history of them, it may indicate a major problem with the tree.  Removal of the tree  may be your only solution when suckers are too numerous. You will then need to apply a brush killer to control the sprouts that may come up from the remaining stump.

Pfizers Unsuccessful Takeover of Astrazeneca Essay - 5

Pfizers Unsuccessful Takeover of Astrazeneca - Essay Example On 25th November 2013, Pfizer, a US company expressed its interest to enter into a merger with AstraZeneca. This is a crucial stage of initiating a merger, where the interested party expresses for the first time the consideration for a merger. The second stage of the merger is the high-level discussion in which the two parties sit down and discuss in detail the path they are going to follow in the merger. At this point, the interested company proposes its offer to which the other party may accept or reject. On 5th January 2015, the two companies held high-level talks in which Pfizer offered $58 per share (Farrell, 2014). After considering the offer, the AstraZeneca rejected the offer and the no more discussion was held after January. The step of Pfizer to go public on its interest to merge with AstraZeneca in April 2014 is an important stage of the merger. The main purpose of this stage is to draw the public assessment into the merger and consider the logistics behind its association . At this point, other multinational companies have the opportunity to consider the offer evaluate and criticize it. The national government also is called at this point to intervene in merger and to consider whether the offer is to the public’s interest. From this point, the leader of the company engages the parliament before the science and technology committee to further negotiate on the offer. Later on, the company offers a higher bid and promises to give $69 per year and to absorb about 20% of the researchers for at least five years (Farrell, 2014). At this stage, AstraZeneca has an opportunity to reconsider how this offer would affect their business. The CEO of the company needs to obtain information on how the merger would benefit its company and how his management would achieve their goals. The fact that the company rejects the offer at this stage shows that the company is bound to  lose from the bond.

International trade theory and policy Term Paper

International trade theory and policy - Term Paper Example Before the end of World War II, countries had their own protectionist measures in place in terms of tariffs to safeguard their domestic manufacturers and businesses since a long time. The high tariffs were becoming a great hindrance to global trade. The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) in first six rounds from 1948 through 1967 provided the basic framework for tariff reductions. All first six rounds were mainly devoted on reducing tariffs and other barriers to trade and eliminate or lessen discriminatory treatment to promote global growth in trade (World Trade Organization). While there were only 23 participating countries in the first round of discussion, this numbers increased to 62 during the sixth Kennedy Round of negotiation. The 23 founding members of the GATT were also part of a group who were negotiating the ITO Charter as a specialized body of the United Nations. The ITO Charter was quite ambitious as it covered rules on employment, international investment, res trictive business practices, and commodity agreements. Early provisions of GATT did mention about accepting some of the trade rules of the ITO draft; however, the ITO Charter could not be ratified due to serious opposition within the US Congress. This resulted into the early death of the ITO charter and GATT remained only instrument that governed international trade (World Trade Organization). Through intensive talk and deliberations right from the first to the sixth round of negotiations, the participating countries could arrive at the consensus to reduce effective tariff rates from 38% in 1947 to just 9 percent by year 1972. Apart tariff reduction, the major turnaround came in the sixth round of negotiation when anti-dumping agreement came into effect. It should be noted that first five rounds were focused on item-by-item negotiation for the reduction of tariffs while the sixth round took some bold approach reducing tariff across the board; however, it is important to keep in mind that these rounds had little success in achieving non-tariff trade relations among the nation. The sixth round also called the Kennedy Round lasted over 3 years and provided tariff concessions to the tune of $40 billion. In view of the strong global protectionism prevailed at that time, achievements in the Kennedy Round were noteworthy. The Kennedy Round was the first of its kind that went beyond tariff reduction discussions and advanced the idea of non-tariff barriers besides highlighting the concerns of the developing world; however, trade in services, intellectual property rights were never discussed in the first six rounds of negotiation (World Trade Organization). Q: Discuss the global economic conditions in the mid-70s, and the anti-trade policies that became common despite the GATT. Motivate by worry about these policies, the 7th (Tokyo) Round was called to start in 1973. How can this Round be simultaneously considered a â€Å"success† (by the GATT Secretariat) and a â€Å"failure† by most international economists. Answer Those were the tumultuous years in mid-‘70s when Bretton Woods system based on fixed exchange rate collapsed. The system failed because the US dollar came under tremendous pressure to devalue. In the process of financing the Vietnam War and implementing public welfare programs during those years, the US government had increased its spending substantially that eventually resulted into increased money

The Psychological And Physical Aspects Of Hypnosis Philosophy Essay

The Psychological And Physical Aspects Of Hypnosis Philosophy Essay In this essay I am going to look at what hypnosis is. I will look at the definition of the word hypnosis and how it relates to the practice of hypnotherapy. I will then go on to look at the history, paying particular attention to Franz Mesmer and James Braid. We will look at the difference between hypnosis and meditation and the common myths surrounding hypnosis. And also the physical effects hypnosis can have on patients. Hypnosis comes from the Greek word Hypnos which means to sleep. Hypnosis is a state of relaxation where the state of awareness is elevated by suggestion. Forms of hypnosis have been used as long ago as forth century BC, with evidence to support it being used by the ancient Greeks and Romans. We will now look at Franz Anton Mesmer (1734 1815) who was born in Iznang, Germany. Mesmer originally studied medicine, where he published his doctoral, On the influence of the planets on the Human Body. The dissertation discussed the relationship between the human body and disease in relation to the moon and planets. Although this was later thought to be plagiarised from the work of Richard Mead (1673 1754) In 1768 Mesmer married wealthy widow Anna Maria Von Posch and moved to Vienna, where he began his work on what he would later call animal magnetism. Mesmer had always been convinced that he had more magnetic power than most people, and so could work the cures better (Waterfield, 2004: 88) Mesmers work with Franziska Osterlin in 1774, involved her swallowing iron and then placing magnets on the different parts of her body. The patient claimed to feel fluid flowing through her body and several hours later her symptoms had gone. Mesmer however did not believe that this was due to the magnets alone and that it was the animal magnetism that had in fact relieved her of her symptoms. By 1776 Mesmer was surrounded by a scandal after he attempted to restore the vision of Maria Theresia Paradis, a musician who had been blind since birth. Mesmer attempted to restore the musicians sight but subsequently she lost all ability to play the piano and was taken away by her parents and Mesmer was then under speculation of using magic. Mesmer then left Vienna and moved to Paris where he started a medical practice. Whilst in Paris Mesmer worked with individuals and groups, by 1780 Mesmer had too many patients and therefore used a treatment called baquet where he would treat up to 20 people at a time. In 1784 and at the request of King Louis XVI a series of experiments were conducted by members of the Faculty of medicine to distinguish if Mesmer had in fact discovered a new physical fluid. However there was no evidence to prove this and that it was in fact down to the imagination. Mesmer died in 1815 of a stoke and in his last 20 years no one knows of any further work that Mesmer may have done. Alexandre Bertrand (1795 1831) work was of huge significance to the history of hypnosis. He did not agree with Mesmers theory of a mystical fluid and believed that it was the art of suggestion. James Braid (1795 1860) began working on his own method of mesmerisation after witnessing a demonstration which showed subjects going into a physical state quite different to their normal behaviour. After much work Braid changed his theory of it being a sleep-based physiological theory to a psychological theory. Braid believed that hypnotism was a nervous sleep which could be inflicted by staring at a bright object, although much later Braid stated that only a small minority could be affected (only 10%.) Braid used the word hypnosis which led to much confusion as people believe that they would in fact be asleep, Braid did try and later re-name this to monoeidism but people continued to use the word hypnosis, which is what it is still referred to today. Later Braid stopped using bright objects after realising that he could achieve the same outcome simply by talking to his patients with suggestion. He distinguished the shallow and deep phrases or layers of the trance states; the first he called sub-hypnotic and claimed that it was this that the electro-biologists could produce; the second he called the double conscious, because he found his subjects to be dissociated (as we would now say) from their normal states. (Waterfield, 2004: 203) A strong follower of Braids work was Ambroise-Auguste Liebeault (1823 1904) who was the founder of the Nancy School, also known as the Suggestion School believed that the verbal suggestion was a powerful tool in successfully treating medical conditions and believed that everyone could be hypnotized. Due to the controversy surrounding hypnosis and the difficulty in obtaining consent from his patients Liebeault gave his patients a choice. They could either pay for the traditional treatment or consent to hypnotherapy which they could get for free, due to most of Liebeaults patients being poor many agreed to hypnosis, allowing Liebeault to continue to develop hypnosis. Many people have the incorrect belief that meditation and hypnosis are in fact the same thing; however it is important to distinguish the differences. Whilst they do share similar techniques such as visualisation and breathing, meditation is used to free the mind from conscious thought, whereas hypnotherapy is used for a specific outcome. Therefore whilst meditation and hypnotherapy both aim to relax the patient, hypnotherapy will then lead the patient through therapeutic suggestions. This technique can then be used to change the sub-conscious mind, e.g. telling a person who wants to quit smoking that smoking is bad for them. Hypnotherapy is a tool that can be used to deliver messages to the sub-conscious mind. There has been much research done on the physical aspects of hypnosis. A number of scientists who have done such research on this subject believe that there are no physical differences to being under hypnosis and those who are not. These scientists state that although the heart rate who slower this was the same for those who were in a relaxed state. However what has been found to be different is the brain activity. Electroencephalographs or EGGs are used to measure a persons electrical brain activity, the first recorded was in 1929 by Hans Barger. Brain waves look consistently different in people who as awake compare to those who are asleep, and people who are relaxed compare to those who are at full alert. Neurologists believe that the brain has two sides, the right side controls a persons creativity and the left is the logical control centre. Whilst under hypnosis, scientists have found that the left side of the brain has a reduced level of activity. There are four types of brain w aves, beta, alpha, theta and delta. Beta brain waves are when a person is awake and fully conscious. Like I am now whilst writing this, I am fully alert and my conscious mind is in control. Alpha brain waves are what everyone has throughout the day. This is when a person day dreams or closes their eyes to relax. In alpha the subconscious mind is being more dominant over the conscious mind. A person is in a light trance, it is in this state that hypnotic suggestion can have effective results. Theta brain waves can be present when meditating, dreaming or being in the zone. The subconscious mind is totally in control. A hypnotherapist can take you to past experiences and where emotions can be found. Theta brain waves can also be present when doing tasks that a person does often. Such as driving home from work, its a journey that you are used to and know the roads well, but a person can bring themselves out of theta in these situations is order to drive carefully. It is quite common when going into theta on a familiar drive that you cant actually remember part of the journey. Delta brain waves are when we go into our subconscious and no other brain waves are present. Delta is what we experience when we are asleep. Most people do not fall asleep when they are under hypnosis, if this does happen then the client can come back into theta state where they can follow the suggestions given by hypnotherapist. If a client stays in delta then suggestion will not work and it will not be effective in the subconscious mind. There are many myths surrounding hypnosis, which still leads people to be dismissive of this form of therapy. This includes the popular belief that hypnotists have some sort of Special Powers and that they can use these powers to get their patients to do silly things, e.g. cluck like a chicken every time the door bell rings or to say or do something that they do not wish to do. This is not the case and everyone under hypnosis is in control and will not do anything they do not wish to do. If you are under hypnosis and someone tells you to do something that you do not wish to do you simply will not do it and it most cases it will actually bring you out of the hypnotic state. Another myth is that people who have hypnosis are weak minded, it is true that the best patients are those that have a creative imagination and are open to the idea of hypnosis will go into the relaxed state easier and deeper but it is true that everyone is suggestible and therefore it is not that it will only work on weak minded people. It is also a common belief that hypnosis can make a person physically stronger or a better athlete. However hypnosis can only enhance a persons existing physical capabilities. There are many more myths surrounding hypnosis which still leave people reluctant to try this form of therapy, these myths will only disperse once people fully understand what hypnosis is.

The Possibilities of the Gap Year Essay -- The Gap Year Abroad

A gap year is a year off of academics, which provides time to explore interests and help determine career choices, containing both positive and negative aspects to consider. A gap year can be spent in a several ways from internships, working, volunteering, or traveling and exploring interests. It can provide students with life impacting traits that can provide a better future and greater outlook on life. If taken seriously, a gap year can have many positive effects on education and the motivation to continue school. Although gap years can be very expensive, it can overall be an opportunity of a lifetime, to create clear academic goals. Although a gap year is most often taken between high school and college, some students decide to take one after under-graduate school and before graduate school or entering the workforce. If a gap year is planned properly, it can help a students take school and life more seriously impacting their entire life. In the UK and similarly in Australia, 11% of university bound students take a gap year (MacDonald 1). Meaning, that almost one in ten students, in the UK and Australia, whom already were planning on attending a university, take part in a gap year. One reason gap years have become popular is that parents have noticed that students are going to college because it is expected of them or for the social aspect, not because they have clear education or career goals in mind (Bull 77). This causes some parents to rethink the idea of a gap year, because college tuition is increasing every year and they do not want to send their child to school if they are not going for the right reasons. Most ‘gappers’ choose to take a gap year because they want adventure, independence, or they want something more that... ...ons of College and Experiences of Stress Prior to and Through the College Career.† College Student Journal 47.4 (2013): 635-643. OmniFile. Web. 19 March 2014. MacDonald, G. Jeffery. â€Å"Gap Year ‘Before College Gives Grads Valuable Life Experiences.‘† USA Today 18 June 2008: 1-3. USAToday.com. Web. 14 March 2014. O’Shea, Joseph. â€Å"Delaying the Academy: A Gap Year Education.† Teaching in Higher Education 16.5 (2011). 565-577. Web. 16 March 2014. Sarouhan, Jane and Sarouhan, Jason. â€Å"Your Goals, Your Life, Your Gap Year.† CollegeXPress Magazine (2013): 22-25. OmniFile. Web. 14 March 2014. Sutherland, Paige. â€Å"College Offers to Pay Students to Take Time Off.† APFinancial News (2014): 1-2. Newswires. Web. 14 March 2014. Torpey, Elka Maria. â€Å"Gap year: Time Off with A Plan.† Occupational Outlook Quarterly 53.3 (2009): 26-31. Business Source Complete. Web. 14 March 2014.

Dress for Success

Assignment #9 – Dress for Success 1. Do you think Cohen had a right to be offended? Why or why not? Cohen had not a right to be offended. She rebuked and wasn’t allowed to attend such an internal meeting; I think it is not appropriate. The older colleague could understand her that was not right dress for the company and she should not attire such dress another time. The colleague could allow her in such internal meeting for first time. The company does not provide the dress information before the meeting; it is the company’s mistake.And Cohen as a new employee, she is unable to know the dress rule for the meeting. So Cohen should have right to attend the meeting at this time. To fix the problem, the company should have dress code policies that include accessory item as well. And each employee must receive a copy of the policy. 2. Does an employer have an unfettered right to set a company’s dress code? Why or why not? Of course, the employer have an unfette red right to set a company’s dress code.The employer has the power to set a company’s dress code, based on the employees is dependency relationship to company. Although I think that the employer should consider many more factors such as belief, values of employees before setting a dress code. A distinct dress code makes a company distinct which will help the company to maintain brand retention and loyalty. When an employer hired the new employees, they should tell the rule of dress code to the new employees. To do so it can drive the employees know and willing to conform the company’s dress code.And setting a dress code in the workplace will have various benefits to the employees as well as to the company. Firstly, having a dress code will ensure that everyone understands what is expected of them and allows protection for the business. Secondly, by having a policy that stipulates what is appropriate and inappropriate this will also ensure that the business and i ts employees can be free of some forms of sexual harassment or favoritism based on a provocative style of a person's clothes.Thirdly, in order to maintain a professional appearance, managers need to dress slightly better than their employees but still within a comfortable or safe realm befitting their work area. 3. How far would you go to conform to an organization’s dress code? If your boss dressed in a relatively formal manner, would you feel compelled to dress in a like manner to manage impressions? I will be highly conformed to an organization’s dress code. An organization the power to set the dress code, I am the employee and am dependency relationship with the organization; so I have no choice beside conform to the dress code.And the dress code can be the rules of the company, I must follow the rules. Boss has the coercive, reward, and legitimate power. So there is no alternative of ingratiation to manage the impression of boss, so I will follow all the ways (exc ept unethical) to ingratiate the boss. If my boss is dressed in a relatively formal manner, I will try to follow my boss’s formality which he/she likes. But I will not feel compelled to dress in a like manner to manage impressions.

Discussing The Playing Field Of Gender And Communication

Gender and Communication Eftagine Fevilien Miami Dade College Author Note Generalizations that can be valued when communicating across the gender line. Abstract Men and women practice enormously different identities and communication curriculums, even if they are raised by the same parents, well sophisticated in the same faculties, have the same career and live in similar state. The reason for that is because there are dissimilar rules of communication that are distinctive to each other. These instructions are recognized by all grown-up members of that sexual category, however because men and women conduct themselves according to two different single sets of rules about what is correct and what is not correct, communication accidents†¦show more content†¦The second characteristic of women’s communication is that they need a responses back from the other individual. Women will try to continue and keep the conversation going by asking all the questions if necessary. Third, women are more expected to use responses like â€Å"Right† and â€Å"oh really† just to spice things up and encouraging the person in continuin g the conversation. Even though, those pleasant confident answers do not essentially show agreement with the statements made by the chatty companion. But, since men have a habit of saying these responses only when they come to an agreement with the talker, they may misapprehend women’s use of responses. On the other hand, a woman may think that her male conversational companion is not paying attention or listening to her because these hints are omitted from his dialogue. Fourth, when women are rudely interrupted while talking, they become silent. Basically, they refuse to join any more in the conversation. Lastly, women normally use the words â€Å"I†, â€Å"you† and â€Å"we† just so they can be aware of the presence of the other talker rather than normal use of the first person. Differences in Relationship Women seek out relationships with others for partnership, management and support and make decisions based on common arrangement. Women wish for friendship, intimacy and similarity. They look for